History of Stem Cells Essay -- Medicine

History of arrest CellsAbstractThis paper allow for be discussing the accounting of waist cells. There are many different ways to collect stem cells. Stem cells can be used for either right or wrong reasons. People can either use them to cure or to cause harm. Most throng use stem cells to cure fatal illnesses. The unity researcher that put stem cells out in the science world so people could understand it better was Leroy Stevens. His first encounter with stem cells was with a mouse that had a teratoma.Most people dont understand the need for stem cells. There are many reasons why we research stem cells. Stem cells can be collected form a wide variety of places. The studies of stem cells have been around for many years. There were many people researching stem cells during the early 1900s, but Leroy Stevens had the greatest impact on the future moot of stem cells.The people of ancient civilization were curious about the study of stem cells. Hindus from the thirteen and fourteen centuries BC knew that the result of the fetus would come from mixing two seeds of the parents (Kelly 16). They werent the only people who wondered about the studies of stem cells. Greek philosopher named Aristotle was in addition interested in the study of stem cells so he disc overed two very important theories. The two theories were Perfomation and Epigenesis (Kelly 16). According to the theory of Peromation, the fetus grows over time (Kelly 16). In contrast, Epigenesis means tat the fetus begins as a generic mass and then different parts are added to the fetus (Kelly 16).- 2 -Researching on mice was began in a Laboratory in Bar Harbor in Maine. In the year of 1953, researcher Leroy Stevens began on an experiment with cancerous mice. This research laboratory was awa... ... been beneficial to humans by improving the lives of those who have potentially fatal diseases. In the future of stem cells research more and more fatal diseases will be cured because of the technology gained from stem cells research. Thats why we need to keep on researching stem cells.- 5 -Work cited page1.Kelly , Evelyn. Stem cells . computerized axial tomography greenwood press , 2007.2.What are stem cells and what are they used for?. 24 April 2001. HowStuffWorks.com. 22 July 2008.3.n.d. The University of Utah, Genetic Science Learning Center. 26 July 2008 .4.n.d. Tiantan Puhua Stem Cell Center. 26 July 2008 .5.n.d. Tiantan Puhua Stem Cell Center. 27 July 2008 .

Christopher Marlowe :: essays papers

Christopher MarloweChristopher Marlowe what did he contribute to English literature and how is his writing reflective of the style of the quantify?Christopher Marlowe contributed greatly to English literature. He developed a new metre which has become one of the most popular in English literary history, and he revitalised a dying form of English drama. His short life was apparently violent and the man himself was supposedly of a volatile temperament, yet he managed to write some of the most delicate and beautiful works on record. His writing is representative of the spirit of the Elizabethan literature in his attitude towards religion, his prime(a) of writing style and in the metre that he used. Christopher Marlowe was born in 1564 the son of a Canterbury shoemaker and was an exact contemporary of Shakespeare. He was educated at the Kings School, Canterbury, and Corpus Christi College, Cambridge. He became a BA in 1584 and a MA in 1587. He seems to have been of a violent nature and was often in trouble with the law. He made many trips to the continent during his short lifetime and it has been suggested that these visits were related to espionage. In 1589 he was involved in a street wrangle which resulted in a mans death. An injunction was brought against him three years later by the constable of Shoreditch in relation to that death. In 1592 he was deported from the Netherlands after attempting to issue big gold coins. On the 30th of May 1593 he was killed by Ingram Frizer in a Deptford tavern after a quarrel over the bill. He was plainly 29 years old.During the middle ages, culture and government were influenced greatly by the Church of Rome. The Reformation of Henry VIII (1529-39), and the break of ties with that church meant that the monarch was straightaway supreme governor. This altered the whole balance of political and religious life, and, consequently, was the balance of literature, art and thought. The literature of Elizabethan England was based o n the crown. This period of literature (1558-1625) is with child(p) because of its range of interests and vitality of language. Drama was the chief form of Elizabethan art because there was an influx of writers trying to emulate speech in their writing, and because of the suddenly spread out vocabulary writers were using (most of these new words came from foreign languages).Marlowes plays comprise The Tragedy of Dido, Queen of Carthage (possibly with some collaboration from Nashe), Tamburlaine parts one and two, The Jew of Malta, Edward II, Dr.

The Causes of Substance Abuse Essay -- Drug Addiction Essays

Substance ab single-valued function is an issue that has disseminated in the society and is often regarded as the relic of a thoughtless materialism. A misguided belief regarding addicted individuals seems to be ingrained in the minds of the majority of the population (Sadava, 1987). This belief is very often accompanied by appalling mental images of addicts and a highly judgmental attitude (Sadava, 1987). As a result, the causes of addiction are still wrapped in obscurity. This paper aims to outline the most basic reasons that slide by to substance abuse and dependency, from the early developmental stage until late adolescence. First of all, when a child-bearing woman is using drugs, the substances are being transferred to the foetus through the umbilical cord cord (Bashmore, Ketchum, Staisch, Barrett, & Zimmermann, 1981). As a consequence, the foetus experiences the same physical symptoms as its mother, such as blood intoxication and spasms (Bashmore et al, 1981 Kreek, Nie lsen, Butelmann, & LaForge, 2005). Substance abuse during pregnancy potentiometer cause spontaneous abortion, heart defects and low birth weight (Bashmore et al., 1981), as well as behavioral problems and addiction proneness for the offspring (Bashmore et al., 1981 Jdrzejczak, 2005). much specifically, substance abuse during pregnancy can elicit a series of chemical reactions in the developing brain of the foetus (Kreek et al., 2005). As a result, in the future life of the offspring, an environmental or a psychological stimulus may be enough to lead to substance abuse (Kreek et al., 2005).The experiences an individual has during his or her childhood are considered equally important prognosticators for using drugs. Witnessing a parent or a caretaker abusing substances is considered as an ... ...r and public policy. Englewood Cliffs Prentice-Hall.Sihvola, E., Rose, R. J., Dick, D. M., Pulkkinen, L., Marttunen, M., & Kaprio, J. (2008). Early onset depressive disorders predict the us e of addictive substances in adolescence A prospective study of adolescent Finnish twins. Addiction, 103(12), 2045-2053. doi10.1111/j.1360-0443.2008.02363.xSpooner, C. (1999). Causes and correlates of adolescent drug abuse and implications for treatment. Drug and Alcohol Review, 18(4), 453-475. doi10.1080/09595239996329 train Dalen, A. (2001). Juvenile violence and addiction Tangled roots in childhood trauma. Journal of Social Work Practice in The Addictions, 1(1), 25-40. doi10.1300/J160v01n01_04Zimi, J., & Juki, V. (2012). Familial riskiness factors favoring drug addiction onset. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 44(2), 173-185. doi10.1080/02791072.2012.685408

Drugs in the Prison System Essay -- Drug Trafficking Jail Prison Essay

Drugs in the Prison SystemThis research paper will dwell of an analysis of the use and abuse of illicit medicates within the prison systems on a global basis. With information gathered from various sources such as the lucre and one on one interviews with an gyp in a male punitive facility and a former inmate of a female punitory facility I intend to show the rampant flow of drugs in and out of the prison system, the control of (or lack there of) by prison officials, the drug gangs and dealers in correctional facilities, the rate of addiction, and treatments available to inmates suffering from addiction.The introduction of drugs into the prison system has been an issue for corrections staff for many years. Prison officials suspect inmate visitors are the main source of how drugs coming into prisons. Although inmates and visitors are subjected to a meticulous search prior to contact with one another, the introduction of drugs is happening on a regular basis. Drugs can become a m ajor source of income, not only for the inmate, but also for the individual or individuals who take the drugs into a correctional facility. Another avenue for inmates is using a correctional officer. Most of the drugs that are available within a prison arrive by courier by means of a corrections officer. Unlike an inmate visitor, a corrections officer is not subjected to a meticulous search of their person and property. Stephen Shaw of the Prison Reform trustfulness was quoted as saying, Prison officers were said to turn a blind eye to its use and even to deal it in themselves, to make their job easier.1 some(prenominal) states within the United States allow for inmates to have possession of personal clothing. An inmate receiving personal clothing from home may also receive drugs that have been unknown within the clothing by a family member or friend. In addition, drugs have beenknown to be sent via the mail to an inmate concealed in packages of all natures. In the past, the dis tribution of heroin to an inmate was easily concealed on a postage stamp or on the glue spark off of an envelope. The use of drugs are an issue many people around the world must deal with while incarcerated or in the free world.Throughout the tale of prison reformatories inmates have constructed a mailing system within the prison to communicate wi... ...liams (in person) First hand account of drug trafficking, use, abuse, effects, and treatment in a Washington State male correctional facility.Prison Information Handbook (http//www.pars.org.nz/prison_information_handbook.htm) General information about prisons in New Zealand.Schaffer Library of Drug form _or_ system of government (http//www.druglibrary.org/schaffer/GovPubs/cjstcha.htm) A Criminal Justice System Strategy for Treating Cocaine-Heroin Abusing Offenders in Custody.Substance Use In Prisoners The Norm Rather Than The Exception (http//www.docguide.com/dg.nsf/PrintPrint/1930E4546A3C26C7852564CA00574711) An article detailin g drug use in UK prisons.The Eye of the Needle (http//news.scotsman.com/columnists.cfm?id=1207092004) An article about an inmate detailing drugs use and authoritys attitude in Scotland.The Prevention of infectious Diseases in Prison (http//www.drugtext.org/library/articles/florenz.html) The effects of drugs and the spread of Aids and other diseases in prisons as a direct effect of drug abuse.Zero leeway for drugs in Prison (http//clinton3.nara.gov/WH/Work/010599.html) Presidents Clintons No tolerance drugs policy for the American Prison system.

Antonia White :: Authors Literature Story Tellers Essays

Antonia WhiteMy novels and short stories are mainly about ordinary people who become involved in rather odd situations. I do not mean in sensational adventures but in rather odd and difficult personal relationships largely due to their family background signal and their incomplete understanding of their own natures. Antonia White Antonia White was born in capital of the United Kingdom March 1, 1899 in London under the name Eirine Bottling to parents Cecil and Christine Bottling. (She later took her m new(prenominal)s maiden over name, White and Tony was a name she was known by amongst her friends.) Her father was a professor of Greek and Latin at St. Pauls School. She was baptized a protestant and then converted catholic at age 7 because her father converted to Catholicism. She struggled with religion and did not feel that she fit in with the other catholic children. She did not find faith in the church as a child although she was educated at a catholic school, The Convent of th e Sacred Heart, Roehampton. Although she is regain as a modernist writer, she developed a terrible fear of writing after a misunderstanding when she was 15. She had been working on what was going to her first novel. It was to be a present for her father. She wanted to surprise him with a book about wicked people whose lives are changed as they discover religion. She attempted to give a detailed description of the evil characters, but, because of her lack of experience, she was unable to describe their wickedness except to say that they Indulged in nameless vices. This dark story was found simple(a) by officials at her catholic school and she was then expelled from the school without being given the opportunity to explain her book. She describes this incident as being her most magnificent and tragic memory. My superb gift to my father was absolutely my undoing she remarked in an interview. She did not begin writing novels again until 20 years later, when her father died. after (prenominal) she left school, she attended her fathers school St. Pauls for the next few years. She attempted to be an actress but was unsuccessful. She then wrote in magazines and worked in advertising where she earned 250 pounds a year advertising Mercolized wax. She spent nine years working as a copy writer in London and she also worked for the BBC as a translator.

Antonia White :: Authors Literature Story Tellers Essays

Antonia WhiteMy novels and short stories are mainly about ordinary people who become involved in rather extraordinary situations. I do not mean in sensational adventures but in rather odd and difficult personal relationships more often than not due to their family background and their incomplete understanding of their own natures. Antonia White Antonia White was born in London March 1, 1899 in London under the arrive at Eirine Bottling to parents Cecil and Christine Bottling. (She later took her mothers maiden name, White and Tony was a name she was known by amongst her friends.) Her father was a professor of Greek and Latin at St. Pauls School. She was baptized a protestant and so converted Catholic at age 7 because her father converted to Catholicism. She struggled with religion and did not feel that she play off in with the other catholic children. She did not find faith in the church as a child although she was educated at a catholic school, The Convent of the Sacred Heart, Roehampton. Although she is remember as a modernist author, she developed a terrible fear of writing after a misunderstanding when she was 15. She had been working on what was release to her first novel. It was to be a present for her father. She wanted to surprise him with a book about wicked people whose lives are changed as they discover religion. She move to give a detailed description of the evil characters, but, because of her lack of experience, she was unable to describe their wickedness except to say that they Indulged in nameless vices. This dark grade was found unfinished by officials at her catholic school and she was then expelled from the school without world given the opportunity to explain her book. She describes this incident as being her most vivid and tragic memory. My superb gift to my father was absolutely my undoing she remarked in an interview. She did not begin writing novels again until 20 age later, when her father died. After she left school, she attended her fathers school St. Pauls for the next few years. She attempted to be an actress but was unsuccessful. She then wrote in magazines and worked in advertising where she earned 250 pounds a year advertising Mercolized wax. She spent nine years working as a copy writer in London and she also worked for the BBC as a translator.

Recognizing the Fireside Poets

Poetry characterized by its metrical form is one of the most well-liked forms of literature. It served as a creative expression of ones thoughts and emotions. There argon poems that became famous and had been preserved and past down through generations. The American poetry had established its own identity from British poetry by varying the rhythms, forms, diction and tone. During the 1600 the history of American poetry formally began. During that time poems were mostly written and found on the British language standard. First on that point be the Puritan and Satirical poets that dominated earlier the American literature.Later they were replaced by Revolutionary Era Poets and even African American poets. When the 19th century arrived there was optimism for major achievement in poetry. During this time the fireside poets goals and works emerged and made significant impact in the world of American poetry. The Fireside poets subsequent were recognized as the first group of American poets that had successfully competed British poets in terms of popularity. Fireside Poets Goals and Works Who were these so called Fireside poets and why are they called in that name?The Fireside Poets are composed of five persons namely Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (1807-1882), William Cullen Bryant (1794-1878), James Russell Lowell (1819-1891), Oliver Wendell Holmes (1809-1894) and lastly John Greenleaf Whittier (1807-1892). They are given this title of Fireside Poets because most of them have used the image of the hearth or the fireplace where the family gathered together to read stories and learn their poems. The goal of the Fireside Poets is to create poems that were based on traditions but can also be of equal level in terms of quality, breadth and creativity of content to that of the British poetry.Their poems are extremely notable for wisdom and flexibility in lines and themes. They preferred conventional forms over experimentation in poetic styles and had often used American legends, scenes of American look and even politics as themes in their poems. The careful attention given to rhymes or the strict metrical rhythm made their works popular for committal to memory and recitation activities in schools and even at homes. Among the five Fireside Poets the most popular then was Henry Wadsworth Longfellow. One of his well known compositions is the Song of Hiawatha. excursion from these he was also a well known translator in several languages.He became the first American to be honored with a bust at Westminster Abbeys Poet Corner. Second to him was William Cullen Bryant who became famous for his work entitled Thanatopis, a poem that recognized death as the great equalizer of sprightliness. He worked as a lawyer and editor of New York Evening Post. Third is James Russell Lowell known for Biglow Papers, included among the American tradition of long satirical poems. Next one was Oliver Wendell Holmes a medical doctor that composed the poems Old Ironsides and The Chambered Nautilus. Lastly was John Greenleaf Whittier known for his poems Snow Bound and Legends of New England. ConclusionThe Fireside Poets greatest competition was to be able to carve out their names, established their identity and be of equal to their British counterparts. Their poems have been a lasting legacy among the collections of American poetry. Although they are traditionalist they had been the first to made significant contributions in the area of American poetry. They have been able to use their poems to fight for a cause, portray the way of life or cultures, and share their imaginations and experiences to their readers. The Fireside Poets no longer exist but their compositions continue to live and inspire the new generation of poets.

The Similarities and Differences Between Thor and God

Thor and the Life of Christ can be looked in the same way. There ar correspondentities between the two mickle and there are withal many differences. There is a common theme between both Thor and the Life of Christ. Prominence, humility, suffering, and exaltation, in that order, are themes that happen to both Thor and Jesus. There are many similar relations that connect to both of these people but are presented in assorted way. Prominence was big in both of the people. Thor was the Norse god of thunder that everyone bowed d receive to. This relates to Jesus because he is also a high embodiment that Christians praise and worship.The level of prominence that these two people have is very similar to each other. Thor lives in a place c eithered Asgard. This is the home of the gods and is very similar to Heaven. Heaven and Asgard may look different but they serve the same purpose. They are both places of High Divine and a place of peace. This is a analogy between the two story line s. One difference between the amounts of Prominence that each one had was that Thor thought too highly of himself. He was very arbitrary in the beginning of the movie and even defied his own fathers orders.The difference between Thor and Jesus is that Jesus did non count himself equal with God. This is told in Philippians 25-11. Although Jesus was in the form of God he did not count equality with God therefore, he became a mortal and was natural in the likeness of men. Unlike Jesus, Thor was cast down to Earth as a punishment. He was punished because he disobeyed his fathers command and went to Jotunheim and started war. Because he did this, Odin free him of his powers and banished him to Earth. This is a contrast between Thor and Jesus because Unlike Thors banishment, Jesus did it out of love.These acts brought humility to each person. Thors punishment was world stricken from his powers and adequate a mortal. This means that he can no longer fly or has the mighty power of his hammer. He is only human. This brings a type of humility because he has been degraded down from a god to a weak human. He must learn to cope with his human body. Thor no longer had the capability of a god but had the strength of a human which was really weak compared to his god form. This is very similar to Jesus because he was also born with the likeness of men. This means that Jesus was no longer the all-powerful being that people worshiped.Instead he was a mortal that lived upon men. He had limitations as wellspring and face up many temptations in his life as a human. Humility was present because of the suffering and rejection that Jesus received and accepted from people. Many people do fun of Jesus. When Jesus did miracles he was made fun of. He was rejected by his own people and was beaten and mocked by the Roman soldiers. The most racking humiliation that Christ received was his crucifixion. This is humiliation and suffering to Jesus. Although Thor did not receive as pa inful humiliation that Jesus received his still received his own form of humiliation as a mortal.An example can be gather upn when Thor went to bear his hammer. After beating up all of the guards, he ultimately could not pull out his own hammer. This gives an example of humiliation because he was not able-bodied to pull out his hammer even though he had in the end found it. This shows the suffering that Thor had to endure because he could not take the hammer even though it was in his grasp. This is the ultimate source of humiliation because Thor could not get the one thing he desired most. The humiliation between both people leads to suffering. Jesus Christ and Thor both suffer tremendously throughout their journeys.It is unimagined to see how much they can both endure despite how much pain they go through. Jesus suffered a lot as his time of being a human. He was made fun of and was also beaten upon by the Roman soldiers. This is suffering because Jesus went through pain. Thro ughout Jesuss suffering, He was able to stay obedient to God until his death on the beat. It says this in Philippians. Jesus did stay obedient despite all of the suffering that he had went through. It was essentially torture for Jesus but he was able to stay obedient. All of Jesuss pain that he took was an example of suffering and he did it all to save peoples sins.This suffering also relates to Thor because he also suffered during his time as a human. Thor suffered because he had to watch his friends get tossed around by the destroyer. The destroyer resembled death in the movie. The destroyer came for Thor when Loki ordered to kill Thor. Thor experienced suffering from the Destroyer and in the end faced death. Thor accepted death and faced it face to face and ended up dying. He was willing to die in order to save his friends. This relates to Jesus because he was able to die and go on the cross in order to save His people and the peoples sins.Jesus did not care at all what people did to him. When Jesus was on the Cross He said, Father, forgive them, for they do not know what they are doing. Jesus was able to find sympathy until the very end of his suffering. Thor follows the same storyline as Jesus because he also dies in order to save his friends. Although the deaths are different it gets the same point across that both people went through suffering in order to save the people they cared about. This suffering finally leads to exaltation. The exaltation of Jesus is similar to Thor as well. When Jesus was dying He said, It is finished. Thor, in the time of his death, also said, It is done. This shows that they have both accomplished in what they were sent on Earth to do. Thor was able to grow as a person and was able to sacrifice his own life in order to save others. Jesus was able to be obedient until the end was able to die on the Cross just so he could save the world of its sins. This leads to exaltation because Thor ends up getting the hammer and resur rects. He becomes a god again and defeats the destroyer also known as death. Jesus rises afterward the third day and ascended into Heaven. Jesus also conquered death.These are very similar because they both came back to life after their deaths and went back to their original high positions. Jesus was with God in Heaven and Thor got his god powers back. This is exaltation because they have been praised with the sacrifices they have made and have been rewarded. Before Thor returns to Asgard he tells that he will come back for Jane. This is similar to Jesuss saying of how he will return for his people. The Tagline of these two movies is two worlds one hero. both Thor and Jesus fit this tagline. Thor is the hero of two worlds. The two worlds are Asgard and Earth.Jesus is also the hero of two worlds. Instead of Asgard it is Heaven and Earth. He is a hero to the people of earth because he was able to save the world of their sins. This leads people to look for the hero for guidance. In Th or, Jane looks for Thor every day and make its her goal to see Thor again. This is similar to followers of Jesus. The followers of Jesus want to know Jesus more and are always finding ways to find him and get walk-to(prenominal) to him. The tagline of Thor and Jesus Christ are very similar. Although they are told in some different ways the ultimate view of each are the same.

Marketing Plan for Redbox Essay

Redbox is a DVD/Blu-Ray getal company which utilizes kiosk shapes placed in convenient, high-traffic locations. The first Redbox kiosk was opened by McDonalds in 2002. Redbox was ulterior purchased by Coinstar, Inc. , and over the years, Redbox has rented over one billion videos and has grown to more than 27,000 locations in restaurants, grocery stores, pharmacies and convenience stores nationwide. Redbox proves to be a very unique focussing to rent DVDs and by the nature of Redboxs rental process, most businesses would benefit from the increased traffic generated by having a kiosk machine at their location.This type of relationship proves to be a win-win situation for both Redbox and the businesses which argon housing the kiosk machine. Redboxs primary target market proves to be the busy, I dont have time to visit Blockbuster or login to Netflix type of consumer. There kiosk machines are located in green shopping locations which lend themselves to the lazy consumer. Furthermo re, Redbox is also targeting the casual expo certainly watcher who isnt necessarily intending on renting a movie.In a focus Redbox has turned renting movies into an impulse item. As a result, Redbox provides consumers with a benefit never seen before and has emerged as one of the largest DVD rental chains in the world. Redboxs marketing mix is simple, unique, and clever. They have successfully turned a shopping item into a convenience item. Times have changed since the first movie rental store, Magnetic Video, was opened during 1977 in Los Angeles, California.During that time home personal computers were barely seen and the internet was nowhere on the horizon, so movie rental stores with safe customer proceeds provided the consumer with knowledge about the movies they were interested in. However, in todays fast moving, learning crazed world, consumers place obtain better information on the fly with there Blackberry, iPhone, or any other internet ready handheld device. Obvious ly Redbox recognized that consumers generally already know what movies they insufficiency to watch and they do not collect to visit a movie rental location to get these hot new DVD releases.Not entirely does Redbox provide a unique service, they provide it at a low cost at convenient locations. Most movie rental stores charge $4-5 to rent a new release for approximately 3 days, whereas Redbox provides a similar service for $1. 29 per night. This is extremely cheap considering most consumers watch their movie rental the same day they rent it. Furthermore, Redbox gets this low cost movie rental product to the consumer finished a channel of distribution historically associated with snack foods and soda.By providing movie rentals through vending machines called kiosks located at shopping locations where consumers already go to shop, they have eliminated much of the costs associated with conventional movie rental stores and the need for consumers to make an additional stop just to re nt a movie. Since Redboxs inception, it has experienced enormous growth and profit, but they will need to evolve in order to get ahead of the curve. Although Redbox appears to have established themselves as a formidable competitor to Netflix and Blockbuster, they are facing a gruesome reality.The take-home movie rental business is rapidly losing ground to online blow video directly to consumers homes via the internet. Netflix has already been providing this service for quite some time and both Redbox and Blockbuster are feeling the pressure. Blockbuster, Inc. has already declared bankruptcy and very well may close conventional brick and mortar locations entirely. Redbox will need to change their marketing system significantly in order to stay competitive. The industry is changing and Redbox will need to seriously consider providing a viable online streaming video service which can rival Netflix.I propose Redbox should cease all efforts in providing any more kiosk machines so they may focus most of their resources to providing the consumers with what they want, online streaming video. Netflix has already got a head start, but even they will not be an exclusive online service for a few more years. So, Redbox must fit the money if they plan to be in business in the next five years. On the other hand, Redbox also has a golden opportunity to wee a large market share in the gaming industry. Redbox needs to become the first and only company to offer video game rentals through vending machines.Redbox is poised to achieve this goal with little to no effort and with their only possible competitor in this area being Blockbuster, they are sure to make huge profits from offering this service. Redbox already has the distribution channels in place all they need to do is make a equable transition from offering DVDs in the kiosks to offering games. This should be a tiered transition which coincides with their streaming video efforts. In other words, Redbox cannot just no w remove DVDs from the kiosks and replace them with games immediately.As Redbox begins to provide consumers with a reliable, concrete streaming video service at a competitive price, they can slowly remove DVDs from kiosks and replace them with the hottest new video games on the market. In conclusion, Redbox is currently providing a service which is in its decline storey and they need to consider changing their product mix in order to get ahead of the curve. They can accomplish this by providing consumers with an online streaming video service and becoming a pioneer in the gaming industry. Get Your Game on with Redbox

Mis Grameenphone

Mis in Grameen Phone chapter 01 Introduction commission and formations facing constantly changing problems, diverse omnibusial styles, and ever present discipline un keep offably offer a ch bothenging context for developing computer based entropy strategys. A centering education constitution (MIS) is a system or dish that provides information commanded to manage organizations usefully. Management Information systems (MIS) employs the integration of information technology in achieving the needs and objectives of the general workforce, managers and their organization.The development of MIS in organizations helps integrated executives in applying efficient and effective information technology-based clientele and economic finales. With new trends in information technology, managers and organizations give face much advance and flexible management of organizational information. Management information systems are regarded to be a subset of the over all told internal c ontrols procedures in a pedigree, which cover the occupation of people, documents, technologies, and procedures habituated by management accountants to solve business problems much(prenominal) as costing a product, good or a business-wide strategy.Academically, the termination is commonly affaird to refer to the group of information management methods tied to the automation or nurse of human decision devising, e. g. Decision stake Systems, skilled systems, and Executive information systems. The terms MIS and information system are often confused. MIS is sometimes referred to, in a restrictive sense, as information technology management. That airfield of study should not be confused with computer science. IT service management is a practitioner-focused discipline.MIS has also some differences with Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) as ERP incorporates elements that are not necessarily focused on decision support. MIS uses computer technology to provide information and de cision support to managers, helping them becomes more effective. suppurations in the new computer industry are changing corporate management style. Managers at all aims use similar filmive information. Operating managers require selective information which is timely, precise, detailed, internal and historical.Upper direct managers need data which is aggregated, external as well as internal, future oriented as well as historical and covering a extended span time. An effective MIS thronenot be built with off viable data management tools. Such tools were not generally available previously. Moreover, most organizations did not effectively use DBMS technology until two decades before. Most organizations these days rely heavily on their IT systems. An important key to a successful MIS is the effective management of an organizations data resources. hapter 02 Management information system 2. 1 MIS definition- Management information system is the combination of men, machine and proced ures for collecting related information from the internal and external sources of an organization, and use these information for the purpose of decision making. An early(a) way it can say it is the compound system of man and machine which provides information support for the decision making in the organization. MIS also can define as a computer-based information system. According to Jorge M.Scott, MIS is comprehensive and coordinated setoff information subsystems which are rationally integrated and which transform data into information in a variety of ways to enhance productivity in conformity with the managers style and characteristics on the basis of established quality criteria. 2. 2 Applications of MIS MIS has become an integral part of the organizations existence and application on several specific areas. These include strategy supports, data processing and job performance development. MIS transforms data into useful information to formulate effective management decisions.Dat a processing by MIS allows organization of enormous quantity of business data and provides valuable time-saving benefits for the organization. Job performance of the organizations human resources is greatly affected with the establishment of an MIS. Employees will call for more efficient and effective ways in handling data and information. 2. 3 Elements of a Functional MIS A functional MIS has five elements which include timeliness, accuracy, symmetry, fill byness and relevance. The efficacy of an MIS will be deterred whenever one or more elements are compromised.The element of timeliness signifies that an organizations MIS can provide and distribute current information to its users. Processed information from MIS must be accurate and free from flaws. MIS consistency in handling data must be taken into consideration for well-defined, documented processes and ability to adapt with a dynamic environment. Management needs complete and related information in a summarized format to e liminate information overload. The MIS must be able to provide the management with relevant data for effective planning and decision making. 2. 4 Advantages of MIS An MIS provides many benefits to the organization.Primarily, it eases organizational planning. MIS enhances the sound decision-making skills of the management by providing relevant information. Secondly, MIS minimizes information surplus by summarizing this in standard formats for managers to oblige detailed and concise reports. Thirdly, MIS facilities bring integration to an organization as it keeps other departments abreast with existing problems and needs. Lastly, MIS makes managerial control easier. This gives management the ability to assess and modify the organizations performance. 2. 5 MIS classification MIS is a concept, which is a matter of degree rather than an absolute one.In management there are perhaps few other areas other than MIS which gas created so much controversy. We would make an attempt to try to look into different types of MIS as they surrender evolved during the course of time. 1) Transaction Processing System (TPS) 2) Management Information System (MIS) 3) Decision Support System (DSS) 4) Executive Support System (ESS) 1) Transaction Processing System It processes transactions and produces reports. I t represents the automation of fundamental, routine processing used to support business operations. It does not provide any information to the user for decision making.TPS uses data and produces data. 2) Management Information System MIS in an information system that processes data and converts it into information. A management information system uses TPS for its data inputs. The information generated by the information system may be used for control of operations, strategic and long-range planning, short-range planning, management control and other managerial problem solving. 3) Decision Support System A decision support system is an information system application that he lpers decision-making. DSS tends to be used in planning, analyzing alternatives and trial and error search solutions.They incorporate a variety of decision-making models and thus area capable of performing what-if analysis. 4) Executive Support System An ESS is a special kind of DSS. It is specially tailored for the use of chief executives of an organization to support his decision-making. Thus ESS is a comprehensive information system that includes various type s of decision support systems, but it is more specific and person oriented. 2. 6 Objective of MIS There are three basic objectives of MIS are discussed below 1. Operational control It is the process of assuring that the specific tasks are carried out expeditiously and effectively. 2.Management control It is the process by which managers ensure that resources are obtained and used effectively and efficiently in the accomplishment of organizational objectives. 3. Strategic planning It is the process of deciding on objective o f the organization, on change in these objectives and on the policies that govern the acquisition, use and disposition of these resources. The nature and extent of information required for these purpose greatly depends upon the business environment in which it operates. As small or medium size organization do not have the resources or the organization to have a systematic information system. . 8 Characteristics of MIS The following are the characteristics feature of an MIS (a) Management oriented This is the most substantive characteristics of MIS the system is designed from the top down. This does not mean that the system will be geared to providing information directly to top management rather, it means that the system development starts from an appraisal of management needs and overall business objective. It is possible that middle management or operating management is the focus of the system, much(prenominal) that their needs are the cornerstone on which the system is built. b ) Management directed Because of the management orientation of MIS, it is imperative that management activity direct the system development efforts involvement is not enough. It is rare to find an MIS where the manager himself or a high-level reprehensive of his department is not spending a good deal of time in system design. (c) Integrated Integration is significant because of the ability to produce more meaningful management information. For example. in order to develop an effective production scheduling system , we must balance , such factors as * Set up costs * Work force Overtime rates * Production capacity * Inventory levels * Capital requirements * Customer service A system that ignores one of these elements inventory, level for example is not providing management with an optional schedule. (d) Common data flow Because of the integration concept of MIS there is an opportunity to avoid duplication and redundancy in data gathering, storage and dissemination for example- custom er orders are the basis for building the customer for goods ordered, setting up the accounts receivable, initiating production activity, gross sales analysis, sales forecasting and so on. e) Heavy planning element Management information system does not occur overnight, they take from three to five years and longer to get established sozzledly within a society. Therefore a heavy planning element must be present in MIS development. (f) Sub system concept (g) Flexibility and easy of use (h) Database (i) Distributed data processing (j) Information as a resource 2. 8 Roles of MIS (The performance monitor role) The MIS has many roles to perform like the decision support role, the performance monitoring role and the functional support role.MIS are not just statistics and data analysis. They have to be used as an MBO (Management by Objectives) tool. They help * To establish relevant and measurable objectives * To monitor results and performances (reach ratios) * To send alerts, in some cases daily, to managers at each level of the organization, on all deviations between results and pre-established objectives and budgets. * The Functional Support Role Business processes and operations support function is the most basic. It involves collecting, depicting, storing, and basic processing of data.Information systems support business processes and operations by * Recording, storing and processing sales data, purchase data, investment data, payroll data and other accounting records * Recording, storing and processing inventory data, work in process data, equipment repair and maintenance data, supply chain data, and other production/operations records * Recording, storing and processing personnel data, salary data, employment histories, and other human resources records * Recording, storing and processing foodstuff data, customer profiles, customer purchase histories, marketing research data, advertising data, and other marketing records * Recording, storing an processin g business intelligence data, competitor analysis data, industry data, corporate objectives, and other strategic management records use of all the preceding(prenominal) to implement, control, and monitor plans, strategies, tactics, new products, new business models or new business ventures. * The Decision Support Role The business decision making support function goes one step further. Decision making is an integral part of the function of any organization. To facilitate Decision making in this ever-militant world it is imperative that managers have the right information at the right time to bridge the gap between need and expectation. To facilitate better flow of information adequate Management Information Systems (MIS) is the need of the hour.Thus it is important to have an understanding of the MIS followed in an organization by all levels of management in order to take effective decisions. A management information system collects and processes data (information) and provides it to managers at all levels who use it for decision making, planning, political platform implementation, and control. 2. 9 Risks of MIS Management risks show the likelihood of economic events that could negatively affect the operations or earnings of the organization. Management decisions based on erroneous, ineffective or imperfect MIS may boost the risks in specific areas such as commodity pricing, communitys liquidity, interest rates or foreign currency.A non-secure or poorly programmed MIS can result into hacking, data manipulation, unauthorized data access and routine work disruption that can result to incorrect management decisions or planning. chapter 03 COMPANY OVERVIEW GRAMEENPHONE GRAMEENPHONE is the largest prompt phone company in Bangladesh. In the midst of lack of communication means, GRAMEENPHONE has introduced an effective and user-friendly mobile phone earnings. It has put a positive encroachment on the lifestyle of the people of Bangladesh. 3. 1 Ownership TELENO R owns 62% of GP. It is the state-owned telecommunication company in Norway operating since 1885. It is amongst the oldest, most sophisticated, and diversified telecom companies in the world.The company has a long history of successful cooperation with other operators and governments in and out of Norway. TELENORs home base, Norway, has the highest density of mobile phones in the world and one of the most competitive markets in the field. TELENOR has been playing a pioneering role in the development of GSM, one the latest and most successful versions of cellular technologies. GRAMEEN Telecom the second largest shareholder owning 35% of GP, has been established by GRAMEEN Bank, which believes that a lack of communication facilities in the rural areas is one of the major obstacles to rapid economic development in the rural areas of Bangladesh.GRAMEEN Telecoms stocky understanding of the people and culture of Bangladesh helps GP to build up convenient and cost-effective communication facilities in the rural areas, which in turn, create more jobs and bold up business opportunities there. Marubeni Corporation is one of the largest general trading and investment companies in Japan. The company has a global business network that oversees a identification number of operations ranging from domestic export and import to offshore trade and retail marketing of finished products. Marubeni invests in manufacturing facilities and infrastructure projects, including in the telecommunications sector. The company owns 9. 5% of GP. Gonofone maturation Corp. which owns 4. 5% of GP, is a telecommunications development company based in New York.In addition, three leading international financial institutions the International Finance Corporation, Asian Development Bank and the Commonwealth Development Corporation are also shareholders of GrameenPhone. The three organizations each hold three per cent of preferred shares of GrameenPhone. 4. 2 License and communicate GrameenPhone currently holds both a GSM 900 and a GSM 1800 license. The government has not yet announced any plans to issue UMTS licenses in Bangladesh. With the initiative of GrameenPhone, mobile phones are scatter rapidly throughout the country. A huge portion of Bangladesh is under GrameenPhones coverage promptly. Today, more than one in three telephones in Dhaka and Chittagong are mobiles.GrameenPhones network is divided into six zones according to the divisional borders Dhaka Zone, Chittagong Zone, Khulna Zone, Sylhet Zone, Barisal Zone and Rajshahi Zone. Currently GP is operating in all six zones. The zone in which a subscriber is registered with GrameenPhone is that subscribers Home Zone, and all other zones are Remote Zones. GrameenPhone offers the widest coverage in Bangladesh. The population coverage has increased from approximately 85% in 2005 to above 90% in 2006. In addition, GrameenPhone also offers GPRS in most of the country and EDGE in urban areas. 3. 2. 1 Specialties GSM Mobi le Operator, Telecommunication Service Provider. 3. 2. 2 Healthline and BillPayIn 2006, GrameenPhone introduced HealthLine, providing around the clock access to medical services for its subscribers via the mobile phone, and BillPay, allowing utility bill payments with the mobile phone in selected areas. 3. 3 Products Under side Paid Service there are two products 1) GP-GP Regular 2) GP-GP National 3. 3. 1 Subscribers Facilities Grameenphone subscribers enjoy the following GSM features without bearing any additional costs * party ID * Call Waiting * Call Conference * Call Divert * Call Barring * Value Added Services * Voice Mail Service (VMS) * Short kernel Service (SMS) * Fax and Data Service (currently available only to corporate clients) * Pre-Paid Service chapter 04 MIS IN GRAMEENPHONEIn todays world of ever increasing complexities of carrying out business, every organization, in order to survive and grow, must have a properly planned, analyzed, designed and maintained MIS. Th is need is even more increased because organizations now have to compete not only locally but also globally. study organizational functions In GRAMEENPHONE major organizational functions- * Sales & Marketing * major functions of systems Sales management, market research, promotion, pricing, new products * Major application systems Sales order info system, market research system, pricing system * Financing and explanation * Major functions of systems Budgeting, general ledger, billing, cost accounting * Major application systemsGeneral ledger, accounts receivable, accounts payable, budgeting, funds management systems * Human Resources * Major functions of systems Personnel records, benefits, compensation, labor relations, training * Major application systems Payroll, employee records, benefit systems, career path systems, personnel training systems * Customer communication * Networking * Data Storage * Utility bill payment system * Software Integrates Facets * Planning, Manufactur ing, Inventory, Sales, Finance, Accounting * Transactions Alert All Involved Factors * Updates Files, Speeds, Action, Cuts Cost * Electronic commerce * Internet Links Buyers, Sellers * Lowers Transaction Costs Goods & Services, Advertised, Bought, Exchanged Worldwide * Business-To-Business Transactions, Increasing. In Grameenphone fraternity MIS is mostly needed at every single of moment. Without managing the total information related with employees and customers it can not operates its functions. Computer technology everywhere related of the company. The company realizes the potential and importance of information technology and to manage this information for the decision making. The MIS has greatly facilitated and synchronized the information flow in the organization and the management feels that is has contend a role in the growth and increased performance of the company Organization computing resources Software Resources-Following softwares are used for the carrying out of ou r information system and organization 1) Application Software Following application softwares are used in our organization and functioning of our information system * Microsoft Office * NOD32 Anti-Virus * Adobe Reader 2) System Software Following application softwares are used in our organization and functioning of our information system * Operating System (Windows XP and Linux) for PCs. * Windows 2003 server for mainframes. Hardware Resources- Following hardware resources are required for the functionality of IS and organization * Personal computers * Canon inventory Scanners * HP Printers TPS in GrameenphoneEffective transaction processing system is working in Grameenphone for official transactions, customer dealing, and so onPayroll TPS Grameenphones payroll TPS is designed to get information and record about employers and employees stored in computers. It get information about the employee from the employees department and send it to payroll TPS from where it links that inform ation with the previous record and prepare a report which is forwarded to management. Decision making about organizational function taken throw managing all this information. Management takes record of the employees efficiency to work and may declare added bonus or other incentive. And the record is updated in the general ledger as well as the master payroll (HUB). Customer IdentificationAt customer care centers data storage about customers this company also use computer technology. Collecting and gathering information about customers, dealing with them for products and services, offering new services to them, solving their problems for service by customer managers all are provided by computer application systems. Online activeness GP allows the customer the option of online uses. Purpose Career with the organization. Input Name, resume. Process The information will send to organization server (HUB). Output evaluate and select candidate. Sim card operations Different sim card oper ations and transaction maintain by computer programs.Call rate, SMS rate, Voice messages record and flexi load transactions, handset facilities, additional service- all are maintain by computers which depends on information systems. MIS uses on these functions gives company better option to reach its own destiny. Telecommunication networking cannot thinkable without information system management. Every call, call-charges, talk-time duration, GSM Features and Value Added Services (all control by computer applications which is set before by computer application programs including different information. Relationship of MIS with TPS MIS reports and summarizes the organizations basic operations and these reports come from the basic transition processing systems.In case of GP organization the TPSs of Recharge Cards, Payroll and Customer identification etc. provide the basic information about the organizations activities. These activities are then summarized in the form of reports for the manager so that they can check whether the firm is working properly or not. If there are some flaws then they take control measures to fix those flaws. chapter 04 CONCLUSION It would appear that the role played by MIS within the study companies is undergoing a period of intense transformationfor many this involves a total rethink of their systems, and the way in which they are managed. IT representatives would appear to be shedding their image of pure technologists.Instead, all displayed a keen interest in, and awareness of, the competitive pressures facing their organizations, and how managing information system could be used to assist in combating them. As part of the recognition of the importance of business issues, there is a concurrent recognition of the importance of information, and it play improving customer servicea key differentiator in environments where products are essentially the same. The relationship between management attitudes and the role played by information sys tem is an provoke one. Without support from management it would appear that MIS will never be deployed in innovative ways.But if MIS does not prove its potential then management will keep distinctly cool and unenthusiastic about its use. This would seem to be particularly true in areas where the company is operating in a relatively horse barn climate with little or no opposition. If information systems are to be deployed effectively in the organizational arena, and to realize their full potential, strategic or otherwise, such issues must continue to climb up the corporate agenda. Similarly, senior managers must realize that in the continuing search for competitive advantage in an ever more dynamic climate, IS management could, as has been widely maintained, be one of their most valuable (yet underdeveloped) organizational capabilities.This is a universally accepted fact that all managerial functions are performed through decision making. For taking rational decisions, timely and r eliable information is essential and is procured through a logical method of information collecting, processing and disseminating to decision makers. MIS assist decision makers, by providing the required information at various stages of decision making and thus greatly help the organization to achieve its goals and objectives. On the other hand, if an MIS is poorly planned and constructed, it may provide inaccurate, irrelevant or obsolete information, which may even prove fatal for the organization.

Child Labour Should Be Banned Essay

For many of us it is hard to imagine what it would be like ripening up, having to work from the age of five and not being able to go to school. Child Labour is defined by the United States Department of Labour (DOL) as the employment of boys and girls when they atomic number 18 too young to work for hire or when they are employed at jobs unsuitable or unsafe for nipperren of their ages It is not something we are too familiar with ourselves, living in a wealthy country, but the fact is that on that point are many Third World countries out there where the economy and living conditions are so bad that children have to work in unsuitable and unsafe situations. There are certain charities that help, but that it is. non enough is being done to stop child labour. It is very wrong and should be banned thought out the world and looked at as a disgrace.Figures from the International Labour Organisation (ILO) show that 218 million children aged between five and seventeen are involved in ch ild labour worldwide. That elbow room globally one in six children work. This is an extremely large number. Around 150 million of the 218 million are involved in what is know as worst forms of child labour, which include work such as forced labour, slavery and sexual exploitation. Many are forced to work without access to the feces or drinking facilities this is against human rights.Child labour of course is different through out the world. Financial it may be necessary for a family to conduct their children to work to then be able to get food. Sometimes it can even be a situation of life and death if a child in a family does not work. Other times it may be in the families ethic work where the children have to help. Either way, it is not good enough. Children should not have to work.

Bullying in the Schools Essay

Bullying and intimidation ar a major social problem in many cultures. Since it is widely considered immature and mean to perpetrate violent or threatening acts, it is not surprising that incidents of blustering(a) are usually found among one-year-old people where they gather to socialize. give instructions are a hotbed of boss around activity, and many children are diddled. Bullying has two key components repeated harmful acts and an imbalance of power.It involves repeated physical, verbal, or psychological attacks or intimidation directed against a victim who cannot properly defend him or herself because of size or strength, or because the victim is outnumbered or slight psychologically resilient. Bullying includes assault, tripping, intimidation, rumor-spreading and isolation, demands for money, destruction of property, theft of valued possessions, destruction of anothers work, and name-calling. There are different categories of school hector, and some of the categories ove rlap. Here are some of the well-nigh important categories that are frequently discussed1) How Many Bullies Pack boss around is bullying undertaken by a group. Pack bullying was more(prenominal) bountiful in high schools and characteristically lasted longer that bullying undertaken by individuals. Pack bullying may be physical bullying or emotional bullying and be perpetrated in soulfulness or in cyberspace. Individual bullying is one-on-one bullying that may take place either in person or online, as well as being physical bullying or emotional bullying.2) Mode of School Bullying Physical bullying is bullying that takes the form of physical abuse, such as pushing, shoving, hitting, fighting, spitting, and tripping. Emotional bullying is bullying that involves factors other than physical interaction, such as insults, derogatory remarks, name calling, and teasing.3) Medium of School Bullying Face-to-face bullying is bullying in which students confront each other in person. Cybe r bullying is bullying that takes place online, through either email, yap away rooms, social networking services, text messages, instant messages, website postings, blogs, or a combine of means.4) Specific Targets of School Bullying Homophobic bullying is sometimes distinguished because it has a fussy target population. Bullying of students with disabilities is another type of bullying with a focused target population. Racist bullying is a third type of focused bullying that targets people of a specific race or cultural. Religious bullying targets people who have specific religious printings. International research suggests that bullying is commons at schools and occurs beyond elementary school bullying occurs at all grade levels, although most frequently during elementary school. It occurs slightly less often in middle schools, and less so, but still frequently, in high schools. High school freshmen are particularly vulnerable. Most students do not report bullying to adults . Surveys from a variety of countries confirm that many victims and witnesses fail to tell teachers or even parents.As a result, teachers may underestimate the accomplishment of bullying in their school and may be able to identify barely a portion of the actual bullies. Studies also suggest that children do not believe that most teachers intervene when told about bullying. The same is true of student-witnesses. Although most students agree that bullying is wrong, witnesses rarely tell teachers and only infrequently intervene on behalf of the victim. Some students fear that intervening will raise a bullys wrath and make him or her the next target. Many of the European and Scandinavian studies concur that bullies black market to be aggressive, dominant, and slightly below average in intelligence and reading ability and most evidence suggests that bullies are at least of average popularity.The belief that bullies are insecure, deep down is probably incorrect. Bullies do not appear to have much empathy for their victims. In Australia, research shows that bullies have low empathy levels, are more often than not uncooperative, and, based on self-reports, come from dysfunctional families low on love. Their parents tend to frequently criticize them and strictly control them. Dutch researchers have found a correlation between harsh physical punishments such as beatings, strict disciplinarian parents and bullying. A number of researchers believe that bullying occurs due to a combination of social interactions with parents, peers, and teachers. The history of the parent-child relationship may contribute to cultivating a bully, and low levels of peer and teacher intervention combine to create opportunities for chronic bullies to thrive. Most bullies victimize students in the same class or year, although 30 percent of victims report that the bully was older, and approximately ten percent report that the bully was younger.It is unknown the extent to which physical, men tal or speech difficulties, eyeglasses, skin color, language, height, weight, hygiene, posture, and dress play a role in victim selection. One major study found the only external characteristicsto be associated with victimization were that victims tended to be smaller and weaker than their peers. One study found that nonassertive youth who were socially incompetent had an increased likelihood of victimization. Having friends, peculiarly ones who will help protect against bullying, appears to reduce the chances of victimization. Victims of bullying suffer consequences beyond embarrassment. Some victims experience psychological and/or physical distress, are frequently lacking(p) and cannot concentrate on schoolwork.Research generally shows that victims have low self-esteem, and their victimization can lead to depression that can last for years after the victimization. Boys and girls who were bullied at least once a week experienced poorer health, more frequently contemplated suicide , and suffered from depression, social dysfunction, anxiety, and insomnia. Sociologist Robert Crosnoe in his book Fitting In, Standing Out provides new and worrisome evidence that socially marginalized youth, including victims of bullying, are less likely to go to college, which can have major implications for their adult lives. He found that feelings of not fitting in led to increased depression, marijuana use and truancy over time, which were associated with lower academic progress by the end of high school.That, in turn, lowered students odds of going to college. In an effort to address the widespread social ill that stems from of bullying behavior, many schools have established anti-bullying groups comprised of students and teachers. Courses are taught by administrators, community groups, and noncommercial organizations to raise awareness of the problem. Since suicide and criminal convictions are very real considerations, it is important to make the issue less of a hidden sha me and more of an open discussion in classrooms everywhere.

Agriculture of CA and the Pacific Northwest

Since the dawn of civilization, man has incessantly been searching for techniques to gravel a arrangement of food channeling. Agriculture provided the requisite respite from hunting and gave mankind the necessary support. The United States of America, had culture as an inherent part of the system and certain states have more affinity towards farming than others.Agriculture in California and Pacific Northwest has had its shargon ups and downs and both the regions have seen newer developments in agriculture imputable to newer laws and advances.Agriculture of CA and the Pacific Northwest peerless of the most intriguing occupation, that has not only been age old but similarly the most satisfying, has been agriculture. Californias agriculture has a very unique history to it. The amount of qualifyings that have taken place over a course of 200 years is enormous, and the pastoral fabrication has gone through a good and bad tenure during this phase.The changes have been intricate a nd precise due to a no. of factors. The alterations in the industry has taken place in the choice of mix of crops The kind of technology that has been altered from horse driven ploughs to high tech tractors embedded with powerful world-wide positioning satellite guides.The directional sources of wet has been changed along with changes in ownership arrangement. The face of the industry has completely been changed due to the growing demands of the urban population.But there are some factors of the Californian agriculture that remain the same. These core values have been with agriculture field from the start and have never been part of any change in the system.On a primary level, majority of the farming done in California has always been market eccentric and had never revolved around criminal maintenance of famers family which was the basic concept of farming in the pre years of the country.The Farming community of California has always been adaptive and the entrepreneur mentality has always been an integral part of them. Californian agriculture has always catered to newer markets demands and has always been part of a unique economic agricultural philosophy. Agriculture in CA has provided opportunities of fulfilling local and foreign market needs.From supplying wheat to Europe to vegetable in Asia, Californias agriculture has been a pioneer for varied markets. Wine production was also fulfilled by Californias agriculture.Another factor that has been instilled in agriculture in CA is its resource dependency which has been laid out from the antiquated ages. The agriculture carried out in California has always been ridden with antagonistic searching of newer lands and water resources. Lands and water have been exploited before and the case is no different pull down in the latest times.This factor has been rampant in the agricultural society of California. An additional factor that has always been with Californias agriculture is how the absence of water has br ought a shape to it. Due to the excess demand of Californias agricultural supplies, it has always been in need of apt water resources.This is exactly wherefore Californias agriculture has always been an active participant of water wars both on an internal and external front.Like each industry, the success of production is reliant on the quality of skills and the quantity of labors that one has for effective working of the operation. Californias agriculture was no different when it came to labor management and problems that were holed up due to the deficiency of requisite manpower.Due to the varied farming and harvesting techniques in California, the dependency on agricultural labor was a crucial factor in the olden times. Today dependency of agricultural labors is still a crucial part of the Californian agriculture, but with lenient immigration laws, the void has been filled by immigrants from Latin America and Asia.These immigrant agricultural labors have been actively operating large scale operations on the land and have been instrumental for specialty crop farms. One of the prime decisive factors that have not changed over the course of history is the Californias agricultures susceptibility. Farming is one such industry that has always been affected by calamities caused by natural reasons.Agriculture which is wholly dependent on natures mercy gets completely dissuaded when natural fury likes floods or droughts occur. Financial crashes also affect agriculture, and Californias agricultural needs have been greatly disturbed by recessions and economic depressions. It still is at endangerment when financial market around the world crash, destroying the scope of increasing market needs.Californias agriculture always driven by market needs has always opened up opportunities for functioning of large scale operations. Due to the diversity of operations, agriculture in California has always required specialized management to spread over the complexity of such ope rations and also to monitor the success of these operations.The historic Gold rush , was one of the front running elements that embedded the need for high technical management in California. With passing of time and advancements in technology, the management that overlooks high end technical operations has been critical for effectuating success.Californias need for high technologies in agriculture has always been a dominant factor amongst its community. The fact that the entire agriculture has been market oriented, the need to create a niche always existed in the agricultural sector of California.There have always been heavy investments in better technologies and irrigation equipments, large scale operational technologies, pest control are backbone examples of such technologies. California agriculture also ventured into food processing and wine making to gratify the market with high end.The capitalist philosophy of Californias agricultural community has been a key element in driv ing the state towards a technology dependent farming and production.The following will best describe the qualities of a famer, which is best felt by Californias agricultural communityThe farmer in California, to be successful, must be a skilled agronomist, a careful manager of labor, an astute businessman, a speculator, and certainly an optimist. In recent decades California agriculture has been characterized by a high ground level of specialization, seasonality, and reliance (Clarke Chambers. Page 1.1952).

7 Army Values: the Standard Behavior of a Soldier Essay

Army basic training has two main stages in the process of building a Soldier. The first fin weeks atomic number 18 to break you down, and the last five weeks are to break you down, building you into a Soldier. While a Soldier is being is being reinforced they instill something c each(prenominal)ed the Seven Army Values into you. The values are something that I withstandd by in the Army, and to this mean solar day I still live by them. I can take these values and entertain them to day-after-day life. They are the standard for behavior, not only in the Army, but in all ordered society.allegiance Bear true faith and allegiance to the U.S constitution, the Army, and other soldiers. This can be applied to my role as a student as I willing be loyal to my fellow classmates and teachers. In my ad hominem opinion, Loyalty means being a person that others can count on, so when the time comes, I will be there to do what needs to be done.Duty Fulfill your obligations Accept responsib ility for your own actions and those entrusted to your care. As a student I will accomplish the task that needs to be done, no matter how much I would rather be doing something else. If I do not execute my duties on a regular basis, then those around me will have to pick up the slack, and any sense of loyalty begins to become tarnished.See more Homelessness as a social problem try outRespect Treat people as they should be treated. How we consider others reflects upon each of us, both in person and as a professional organization. I will respect everyone in my class and also my teachers. I would want them to treat me the same way. With respect we can get a lot accomplished and drop off things as a team.Selfless Service Put the welfare of the nation, the Army, and your subordinates before your own. Selfless military service leads to organizational teamwork and encompasses discipline, self-control and faith. In college and in life I will commit to go a little further, and get the jo b done right the first time.Honor Live up to all the Army values. I will encompass all the values into one and apply them to casual life as a College student and my life in general. I believe these values are important to live by.Integrity Do what is right, legally and morally. Be willing to do what is right even when no one is looking. I have a real bad self scruples so I would not be able to cheat. I am an honest person and I will always be this way. Personal Courage Our ability to face fear, danger, or adversity, both tangible and moral courage. I will take responsibility for my decisions and actions and accept responsibility for my mistakes and shortcomings. I will try my hardest not to make mistakes but no one is perfect. These are the values that I live by every day. They are what I stand for. In everyday situations I can apply one of these values.

Compare and Contrast Essay Good Boss Bad Boss

The conflict between a replete(p) chief and a fallacious pommel is comprehend by the employee under supervision. The most important difference between the two types of nodees is whether you can be believe to do your mull over and do it the correct centering. The employees feelings towards their foreman often usher up in the prevail that her or she does and the way that the work is done. A reasoned boss generally leaves the employees to do his or her work, only is avail sufficient to cooperate the employee if needed. As a result, employees tend to be happier, more at ease, and more likely to be more productive in his or her work environment. There argon many qualities that affect up a good boss.A good boss do bys about their job as sound as the employees who work under them. It is important to a good boss to do what they can to pass corporation they work for growing and to stick to e actually day. You can often tell a difference in the attitudes of a good boss a nd a bragging(a) boss because a heavy(p) boss whitethorn have a bad attitude and guide no interest in lacking(p) to be at work, while a good boss loves their job and goes above and beyond to succeed their family and themselves as well. In contrast, a bad boss backings his or her door closed, and does not deficiency or invite in communication with his or her employees and can be quite rude when interrupted.This conduct can often affect how employees feel about their job and how he or she does their work. Employees tend to be more stressed and annoyed when they be picking up the slack of their boss and when they are not receiving the correct answers to questions that may arise. Things may not get handled the way they should be handled if the boss does not show interest in step up and do their part. When a bad boss does not show interest in care in their employees that also affects how they do their work because employees may feel they are being pretendn advantage of and not r eceiving the credit they deserve for the work that they do.A bad boss may show disrespect and no interest in their employees and the order, but can put on an act to the higher up bosses and take all of the credit for the work of others. Typically a bad boss does not go above and beyond to better their company. A company cant succeed without the people who get up and go to work every day and do their surmount to make that company a successful one. It takes more than one person to make a company succeed and that is why not only bosses but employees play a sizeable role in maintaining a company.The way employees are treated is what keeps them enjoying their job, coming to work every day, putting their effort into their job, and providing good customer service. It is important to not only provide excellent customer service to whose entering a company, but to the employees as well. When customers are treated bad by those who are employed at a company then the customer tends to avoid t hat company and use other resources where they can get the second they need and are able to communicate with people who are helpful and respectful.This goes hand and hand with the way bosses treat their employees because like customers, employees who feel like they are being disrespected and not getter the proper help and training, they dismay to not enjoy their job. When you do not enjoy your job and are being treated bad that shows up in the way you do your work. Employees may get that I do not care attitude or the bad attitudes from their bosses can rub off on the employees as well. Employees tactile property up to their bosses because someday that could be the employee in the higher position.When becoming a boss most people look at that as an opportunity to do their best at their job and keep moving up to higher positions and more pay. It is not only the bosss job to run a company and make that company successful but it is also their job to train and prepare their employees t o be able to do their job one day. Becoming a boss of a company is a big deal and employees and bosses who enjoy their job do what is asked and expected of them so that they can have the chance to keep moving up the ladder of success.A good boss trains their employees the proper way, they even set deflexion down duration to teach their employees how to do things that are the responsibility of the boss so that someday when the time comes they have been learning the proper duties of a boss and how to go about completing those duties. A good boss should always prepare their employees to someday take oer their position and a good boss should feel confident that the employee is capable of doing so and maintaining a good work environment for others.A bad boss does not tend to care about employees desire to move up in the company therefore, the boss does not take the time to train the employee to be able to someday take over their job. A bad boss may teach the employees how to do certain aspects of the bosss job only so the boss can push their work off onto their employees. In conclusion, the definition of a good boss and a bad boss is perceived by the employee working under that boss. close to may consider their boss a good or bad boss while others may think differently it is all how the employee feels that they are being treated by their boss and how they feel that their boss handles the job duties required of him or her. Many people have different views on certain aspects so only the employee can judge whether or not they believe their boss is a good or bad boss. Week 9 Completing the EssayResource Appendix A posted in Course Materials ForumWrite a 1,050- to 1,400-word final draft of your compare-and-contrast bear witness.Include the following elements in your essay An introduction paragraph that includes an attention getter, background information, and your thesis statement placed last At least three system paragraphs with motion sentences that directly add ress the thesis and clincher sentences Appropriate transitions within and between paragraphs that maintain pulsation throughout essay A conclusion paragraph that begins with a restated thesis, reviews the main cerebrations and ends with a lasting thought. shoes your paper as a Microsoft Word document to the Assignments link by Day Four. Content and education 160 Points Points Earned150/160 special Comments All key elements of the assignment are covered in a substantive way. The paper is focused on the approved topic. The paper is a minimum of 1,050, but no more than 1,400 words in length and is concise. Excellent job in all areas Your final essay shows how well your writing skills have developed since the beginning of this class.Missinga reference list and in-text citations. This is very important to use. Otherwise a paper will look as if it is plagiarized. Conclusion needs to be stronger. Also, make sure to review APA format as this does not align with APA format. The co ntent is comprehensive and correct and compares and/or contrasts at least two subjects. The paper develops a central theme or idea directed toward the appropriate audience. The paper remains focused on the key points and uses gameing information to support those points. separates contain topic sentences that directly address the thesis, supporting details that focus on a single(a) idea, and a concluding sentence that provides closure. Major points are stated clearly and are supported by specific details, examples, or analysis and are organized logically. The introduction provides sufficient background on the topic and previews major points. The conclusion is logical, flows from the body of the paper, and reviews the major points. Readability and Style 20 Points Points Earned20/20 Additional Comments Paragraph transitions are present, logical, and maintain the flow throughout the paper. Very nice job with transitions. They work well and help the flow of the paper for the reader. Good use of strong sentences. The tone is appropriate to the content and assignment. Sentences are complete, clear, and concise. Sentences are well constructed, strong, and varied. Sentence transitions are present and maintain the flow of thought. Mechanics 20 Points Points Earned17/20 Additional Comments Rules of grammar, usage, and punctuation are followed. Great work. I just noticed a few things as historied above. Spelling is correct. Total 200 Points Total Points Earned187/200 Overall CommentsExcellent job with your final essay. You should be proud of the document you ended up with. Just a few more things will take it to the next level. *

Managerial Role Essay

Even though the employees are the primal consorters in any governments handlers pick up to manage their employees and even he has to manage the external atmosphere at and around the establishment to bear the organisation in an admir satisfactory path and their by achieving the predetermined goals. here(predicate) I would homogeneous to present the managers stock in an organisation with an example of an interview and with my research work. I took an interview from a manager of software Solutions Company a sensitive outgo information technology based attach to in Australia. hile interviewing him we come across well-nigh of the chief(prenominal) qualities of a manager According to him a manager should father a good academic dexteritys like a bachelors degree and a masters degree in any of the administrative firmaments, unless and until if a manager have a good academics he may non be able to solve academic problems in his go with. He should to a fault have good comm unicative skills and interactive skills, foodstuffing ability, managing the customers and a good personality.R. W. Griffin defines manager as a person who first of all is responsible for(p) for realization of worry process. In particular manager is the person, that makes plans and decisions, organizes, supervises and controls human, finance and information resources (Griffin 2000). I just now scoff to the above statements as they said a manager should have a good academic qualification and he even should have a good personality to operate all the above mentioned functions.Unless a manager possesses them he/she cant keep his go with in a better position. He also tell that he has to interact with legion(predicate) people in his day to day emotional state as his company is an IT based company deals with the problems in the technological aspects in hardware and software. He should have proper capability to face some new customers in his day to day life and to a lot his empl oyees for the solution of the customers problem. He should attend the customer in his own office or at otherwise private places in favour of customers flexibility.He has to take care of his employees, the resources he is utilizing, the marketing staff, more important the customers who are their bread and butter. Doing this he has to keep an eye on the technical advances in his field and on his competitors. So here I come across that managers job is much authoritative job in any company and he has to be in up-to- betrothal at things that are happening at and around his company. Many managers attain success by coordinating his/her employee effect, in turn obtaining success to the organisation.He states that in his list of people he has to interact in his everyday life the customers are his autochthonic concern because they the main source of the companies income unless a customer satisfied with the employees work, he would not pay the amount. So in this relation I came to know th at there exists a mutual benefit kin amid the customer and the company hence it is a good example for reciprocal kindred. The needs to better understand customer behaviour and the interest of many managers to focus on those customers who can deliver long-term bread have changed how marketers view the world (Russell S.Winer). The author says that consumers can change the performance of a market and the speed style of an organisation hence a good manager should al focal points keep his eye on such type of consumers. Next comes his employees, a good manager should maintain a good fundamental interaction with his employees. According to him a good manager should look subsequently their employees and he should be their well-wisher. He says that a good interaction between a manager and his employees builds up a positive efficiency in the workplace results in better performance of the employee leading to success of the employee as well as the company.He even said that he go out he lp his employees in various bureaus like allotting them unbroken and flexible working hours, monitoring their work, giving feedback whenever necessary and solving their issues regarding their work and in their lives. This shows there exists a reciprocal relationship with in them. He said that he has only 4 regular employees working currently with him and hires others whenever necessary. According to Katuria. M in his article named three ways to built undefeated employee manager relationship he stated that the only relationship more important to an organisation than the ustomer-company relationship is the manager- employee relationship and according to the exit interview the no. 1 reason people leave their job is because of their improper relationship with the manager. Going through all the above conversation I totally agree to twain of them and I strictly believe in good manager- employee relationship which aids in success of the company and its employees. An organisation grows and evolves new positions are added, senior managers have to find a way to tie all these departments together. Coordination refers to the quality of collaboration across the departments.It is required whether there is a functional, divisional or term structure. (Draft 2012) this statement explains the most responsible duty of a manager in a growing company. It tells us that in a rapidly growing company the managers play a important role that is he has to do division and interlinking the departments there by forming more and more stronger work unit which helps them in solving more complex problems. When dealing with the providers he gave me the information that he is affiliated to many suppliers in his place and even in the Melbourne.As the company is based on the problems and solutions attack in the information technology, they have to be provided with plenty of resources. They need various types of computer spare parts, softwares and many advanced features which were been provide d to them by many suppling companies. Even they dealings with vast companies like Harvey Norman etc. He explained me the advantages and disadvantages of maintaining such large groups of suppliers. Ha stated that trust is the main factor that works between suppliers and the company administrator.Many transactions run based on the trust philosophy only. Unless they trust a supplier and use their products they cant run the company in some situations. I support this statement that trust is the main part of the product line. I can state that trust should exist not only between a supplier and the management but also at all the levels in the business sector that is it should be in between the consumer-organisation-supplier. Supplier Relationship Management is an all-inclusive approach to managing the personal matters and interactions with the organizations that supply your company with goods and services.This includes communications, business practices, negotiations, methodologies and so ftware that are used to establish and maintain a relationship with a supplier. Benefits include lower costs, higher quality, better forecasting and less tension between the 2 entities that result in a win-win relationship (Bucki. j). The author explains us that for any company the supplier management relation should be in such a way that there is a benefit from both the sides and the tools were developed to reduce the work related problems between the supplier and the managers in the company who look after all these unprocessed materials.I totally believe with the above discussions because unless there is an adequate amount of raw materials for a company they cannot sieve the level of customer satisfaction which is their main goal and the supplier also has to be loyal to the company and supply the raw materials in time there by maintaining a mutual benefit relationship between them. The next I am going to discuss the other important environmental factor the labour market.In this case as the manager already stated that he hires the employees whenever he needs, in explanation to this he gave me the information that when his regular staff are not sufficient to complete a task which was assigned to them he hires some of the software professionals from the employment centres for a shorter period of time and assigns them to work with his regular employees. Without strategic planning it is unlikely that any organisation will be able to meet successfully numerous challenges that face them (Bryson. j. m). This shows that planning and organisation is the main essential duties of a manager. Manager has to plan the project prior to its start and distribute the work to his employees accordingly. If a manager fails to perform this step in his level he/she may not be able to reach the target level and fails in leading the organisation and its staff. at long last for an organisation to run in the way of profits and to sustain in this present competitive word the manager ha s to look after many types of environmental factors some of them which are prime concerned are discussed above the other factors which influence the organisation are Technology, Natural, Sociocultural, Economic, Legal, Political, International (all of these come under external environment) and Culture management. (Draft, R. L) in my opinion manager should have the capability in controlling all these environmental factors.This company having limited employees and being a small scale company the external environmental factors may not have such a huge influence. Among them only the technology has a powerful impact because it is purely a software solution company so the employees and the manager should beware of the changing trends in the technology and should be in up to date daily. Recommendations Keeping in mind the whole interview and with my research I would like to recommend some changes this organisation should implement for better progress they are 1.Increase the employee work ratio. 2. Use of the labour market for hiring the employees should be stopped because the information in the company regarding the projects and codes should be within the company. 3. Instead of hiring the employees from the outside audition to increase the regular employees which helping him in planning the work and confidentiality 4. Being a software company I think he should organise some conferences such that his employee will get more latest technical skills 5.As the work hours were longer during the day he has to create work life sleep to his employees and for him he. 6. Customer satisfaction should be increased to transform this to a large scale company. Conclusion Finally I conclude that the environmental factors influence on any organisation is very much crucial and the managerial staff any company should keep an eye on it in order to run the organisation in an admirable way. Various people who are in close relation to the organisation should work together for the mutual benefit of the organisation as well as them.

Reward Impacts on Job Satisfaction

Reward means giving or receiving something for a desirable effort or behavior. In this analyse, impacts of external rewards will be discussed, such as privileges, property and other incentive. Using reward policy could be beneficial to organizations as well as employees. As a matter of fact there are a lot of evidence that have been provided by researchers, which show the direct relation amidst reward, murder and job satisfaction. In contrast, penalty is found demand to apply in order to balance the strategy.This essay will compare the use of reward and punishment as well as ageing how incentive is to apply reward strategy within the organization. The essay is divided into two parts first it will show the impact of reward on the employees job satisfaction as well as performance. Secondly, how reward will work up the sense of disputation and productivity among the employees. Ultimately, the essay concludes that the reward has positive effect on the employees performance within an organization. either organizations success is so dependent on its staff performance and therefore, keeping those employees make should be in the organization prioritys list. Much research has been conducted to explore the relationship between reward and performance. kilman(1989) found positive relation is so perceivable between reward and performance, however it was more than specific in management . More specifically, the reward system should be aligned to motivate employee performance that is consistent with the firms strategy, (Galbraith, 1973 Journal of Organizational Change Management, Vol. 4 No. 2, 2001, p. 114).Lazear (2000) shows significant positive effectuate of incentive pay on productivity (in the range of a 44-percent gain) in his unique dataset of a firm. These purpose are all practical, reliable and applicable for organizations, hence employees level of performance can be increased by applying contingent reward in the organizations strategy. Performance by em ployees is critical to organization, so as employee job satisfaction, which is one of the incentive that helps to increase the employees to performance as well as encouraging them to focus more on their job.Like performance, employees job satisfaction can be increased by applying rewards. (Ritz,scott and cherrington, 1971). The reward can not increase the performance all the time notwithstanding it always will increase the job satisfaction, therefore, based on the researches we could assume that the reward will fortify the employees satisfaction and since it benefits the organization by making its employee more committed and focus on their job, in the long run the organizations yield will increase.

Educational Tour Essay

Educational Tour gives us ideas to a fault opportunities to visit prestigious agencies that may help us visualize what we are learning at school. This natural action helps us develop our personality since social graces and etiquette are learned too by experience. Moreover, important to all student since it is a part of our learning process to acquire more k noneledge through positive exposure to the different agencies. Narrative Report On July 4,2013 ,the faculty of introduction Citi Colleges held an educational tour for the bach of Science and Tourism Management students.The locations are the Cultural Center of the Philippines, Resort World Manila and Island Cove. July 4, 2013, the mean solar daytime when I have to wake up early because it should be a big No for blossom and the call time is 600 to 630. I have to commute to go to our school. It is around 500 in the morning when I left my house and started to wait a jeep in delay area going to Cubao. Sadly, I wait for 15 min utes just to ride in a jeep. When I rode a jeep, I paid going to Anonas and dropped to our school. When I got there, I dictum my classmates and we went to Bus no. 3.While waiting for others, I and my classmates sit in the vacant sit . We started to travel around 700 but of course we pray first for a safe trip. later the pray, here it goes We already started talking, laughing, picture show taking and of course we cooperate in our tour guide to answer many questions and he gives virtually rules. We arrived at Cultural Center of the Philippines (CCP). Our tour guide in CCP gives us knowledge more or less the narrative of the Cultural Center of the Philippines and about some Arts that in the place who made it and why he/she made it.I recognized some of my classmates didnt listening to our tour guide while some of us listening. He showed us the theater. He said, I didnt showed this to some groups but because youre listening I will show you the theater. We were in at a dark place and I saw the theater. Its so big Its my first time to see a big theater. After that, we continued the tour once again and of course we take pictures. After the CCP, we went again to our pot.We arrived at the Resort World but before we go out on a bus, a tour guide in Resort World showed and gave us some of the rules. We gave our member information to get a member card. He said that only 29 students will get the member card on a day of our tour. Luckily, I got it. After that, we toured in the resort world. Actually, thats my first time to go to a lavishness mall. We entered to a theater and then they showed us the rooms in hotel. We played games in Game zoo. They gave us a Game zoo Card for free play. After we played, we bought our lunch in Mc Donald.Then, we went back up to our bus and ate the lunch while moving the bus going to Island Cove. We arrived at Island Cove which was our last destination. We walked in a bridge. There, we have a seminar with other branch of World Citi Colleges Caloocan, Antipolo and Cubao. The seminar started. I learned many things about Tourism and of course being a tourist guide. After the seminar, we toured around the island cove. We saw a fluid pool and some slides. Too bad, we didnt know that we can bring some clothes so we can swim.Because of that, we just took some pictures and toured the place. When we got tired, we went back to our bus. I and my classmates were talking, laughing, and taking pictures. Then all my classmates were got in the bus so we were going back to school. We left the Island Cove around 500 pm and arrived at the school at 800 pm because of the traffic. I got home safely around 900. The tour for me is great I learn many things that I will I hope we have a tour again in a great place and an educational.